A rigorous clinical hand-off protocol taught to medical residents for use at hospital shift changes led to a 23% decrease in medical errors and a 30% decrease in preventable adverse events, a study has concluded.

The hand-off improvement plan involved a mnemonic to standardize oral and written hand-offs, a faculty development program, training for the residents, and a sustainability campaign.

The study was conducted at nine pediatric residency training programs in the U.S. and Canada. The total study period was 18 months, consisting of 6 months each of pre-intervention outcomes assessment (to establish a baseline), implementing the intervention, and post-intervention data collection.


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