Gout confers a significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF) among Black vs White patients, according to study results published in the Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.
Researchers conducted a single-center cross-sectional study at a hospital in Brooklyn, New York, which serves a predominately Black population, using patient data from January 2015 to December 2020. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD-9 and ICD-10) codes were used to identify patients with gout diagnosed after 2015.
A total of 471 patients were included in the gout cohort; 89% of whom were Black, 5.8% were White, and 2.9% were Hispanic.
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The gout vs control cohort had significantly higher rates of CV risk factors, including hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (89.3% vs 75.9% and 76.4% vs 23.6%, respectively; both P <.01).
In addition, individuals with vs without gout had a significantly higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (33.3% vs 10.6%, respectively; P <.01). The prevalence of congestive heart failure was also significantly higher in the gout cohort (45% vs 9.4%, respectively; P <.01), as well as the prevalence of peripheral vascular disease (5.7% vs 2.4%, respectively; P <.01). The odds ratio for the total CVD risk in the gout cohort was significantly higher than that in the control group (95% CI, 3.3-6.17; P <.001).
Study limitations included its cross-sectional design, as incomplete data from follow-ups and medication compliance may have affected the results, and the fact that certain data may not have been entirely accurate because of documentation gaps from providers.
However, the study authors concluded, “Our [patients with] gout had a 3 times higher risk of CVD and 7 times the risk of HF compared with the nongout population. [Patients with] gout also exhibited 2.5 times more all-cause mortality and a higher percentage of readmissions than patients without gout.”
Reference
Chandrakumar HP, Puskoor AV, Chillumuntala S, et al. Assessment of cardiovascular disease among predominantly Black gout patients. J Clin Rheumatol. Published online March 6, 2023. doi:10.1097/RHU.0000000000001948
This article originally appeared on Rheumatology Advisor
