SONK often starts with a sudden onset of knee pain that may worsen at night. SONK must be differentiated from secondary osteonecrosis, which most commonly results from corticosteroid use. Other conditions that cause secondary osteonecrosis include alcoholism, smoking, and coagulopathy. SONK is thought to result from an insufficiency fracture of the femoral condyle that fails…
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The patient underwent excisional biopsy that revealed adipose tissue entrapped within bundles of collagen, a finding indicative of a pedunculated lipofibroma. The most common type of these soft fibromas are skin tags (acrochordons), which occur in approximately 25% of men and women and are characterized by pedunculated lesions that range in color from flesh-toned to…
Tumid lupus, also known as lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET), is an uncommon autoimmune disorder caused by a multitude of factors such as genetics, the environment, and hormones.1 LET is more commonly seen in men aged 41 to 50 years. Dysregulation of the immune system has been postulated as contributing to the pathophysiology of LET.2 Data…
Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), also known as familial benign chronic pemphigus, is a rare genetic dermatosis that causes keratinocyte acantholysis and disruption of the desmosome-keratin complexes in the suprabasal layers of the epidermis.1 Howard and Hugh Hailey first characterized it in 1939 in their case study of 2 adult brothers with a unique blistering syndrome.2 The…
The FDA has expanded the indication of Gattex (teduglutide; Shire) for injection in pediatric patients ≥1 year of age with Short Bowel Syndrome who need additional nutrition or fluids from intravenous (IV) feeding (parenteral support).
Nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the hip is a result of the disruption of the arterial supply to the femoral head. Several conditions have been associated with AVN, including chronic alcohol use, hypercoagulable states, steroid use, sickle cell disease, and trauma. Alcoholism and steroid use contribute to >65% of nontraumatic cases of AVN. The most widely…
Cupping therapy is an ancient modality used to treat various medical conditions.1 Cupping involves creating suction with a ceramic, bamboo, plastic, or glass cup pressed against the skin. The application of a flame to the cup removes oxygen to create negative pressure; this can also be achieved with a suction device.2 The 2 most common…
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Atypical fractures of the femur associated with long-term bisphosphonate use can be distinguished by their distinct fracture pattern. These types of fractures generally are low-impact injuries that may occur when walking or turning while standing. The fracture is transverse and usually starts at the lateral cortex. As the fracture extends to the medial cortex, the…
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